what is the formula of profit and loss
Profit and loss formulas are used in mathematics and commerce to calculate gain or loss in business transactions. These formulas are based on the cost price (CP) and selling price (SP) of an item.
Basic Profit and Loss Formulas
| Concept | Formula |
|---|---|
| Profit | SP − CP |
| Loss | CP − SP |
| Profit Percentage | (Profit ÷ CP) × 100 |
| Loss Percentage | (Loss ÷ CP) × 100 |
Where:
CP = Cost Price
SP = Selling Price
Conditions
If SP > CP → Profit
If CP > SP → Loss
Example:
If the cost price of an item is ₹500 and the selling price is ₹600:
Profit = 600 − 500 = ₹100
Profit % = (100 ÷ 500) × 100 = 20%
In conclusion, profit and loss formulas help calculate business gain, loss, and percentage values using cost price and selling price.