List various types of nutrients and write the functions of each.

The various types of nutrients are:

1. Carbohydrates: They are mainly energy-providing nutrients.
2. Fats: They provide energy for the body. They give much more energy than carbohydrates if consumed in same amount.
3. Proteins: They are called body-building foods. Proteins help in the formation and repairing of body parts. Skin, hair, muscles, enzymes are made up of proteins.
4. Vitamins: Vitamins help in protecting our body against disease. They also protect eyes, bones, teeth and gums.
5. Minerals: Minerals are essential for proper growth of body and to maintain good health.