Given below are some examples of wave motion. State in each case if the wave motion is transverse, longitudinal or a combination of both.

(a) Motion of a kink in a longitudinal spring produced by displacing one end of the spring sideways.

(b) Waves produced in a cylinder containing a liquid by moving its piston back and forth.

(c) Waves produced by a motorboat sailing in water. 

(d) Ultrasonic waves in air produced by a vibrating quartz crystal.