(a) List two differences between ‘holozoic nutrition’ and ‘saprophytic nutrition. Give two examples each of these two types of nutrition.

 (b) State the roles of liver and pancreas.

 (c) Name the organ which performs the following functions in humans:

Absorption of digested food

Absorption of water.

 (d) Explain the statement, “Bile does not contain any enzyme but it is essential for digestion.”

Differences between Holozoic Nutrition and Saprophytic Nutrition

Holozoic Nutrition	Saprophytic Nutrition
1. Type. It is ingestive type where solid food is taken in.	It is absorptive type of nutrition where simple soluble substances are taken in.
2. Digestion. It is internal.	Digestion is external.
Examples. Tiger, Cattle	Examples. Rhizopus, Mushroom.

(b) Role of Liver: Decomposition of haemoglobin, formation and secretion of bile for emulsification of fat. Formation of urea, heparin fibrinogen and prothrombin. Detoxification of chemicals and elimination of pathogens.

Role of Pancreas: Secretion of pancreatic juice having lipase, trypsin and amylase; secretion of hormones, insulin and glucagon.

(c) Absorption of Digested Food. Ileum part of small intestine.

Absorption of Water. Large intestine.

(d) Role of Bile in Digestion.

Breaking of fat into fine globules or emulsification,

Neutralisation of acidity and making food alkaline for action of pancreatic and other enzymes.