NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science provide chapter-wise answers to all the questions in the Science textbook. The book includes 13 chapters and covers Physics, Chemistry, and Biology. It explores topics such as the nature of matter, the human body, as well as light and electricity.
Shiksha Nation NCERT solutions are based strictly on the latest 2026 CBSE board exam pattern. Covering all in-text and back exercise questions, they help students understand difficult topics. Whether for board exam preparation, homework, or revision, these NCERT Class 10 Science Solutions offer clear explanations and accurate answers.
NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Latest Chapter wise 2026 27
| S.No. | Chapter Name & Topic |
| 1 | Chapter 1 - Chemical Reactions and Equations |
| 2 | Chapter 2 - Acids, Bases and Salts |
| 3 | Chapter 3 - Metals and Non-metals |
| 4 | Chapter 4 - Carbon and its Compounds |
| 5 | Chapter 5 - Life Processes |
| 6 | Chapter 6 - Control and Coordination |
| 7 | Chapter 7 - How do Organisms Reproduce? |
| 8 | Chapter 8 - Heredity |
| 9 | Chapter 9 - Light Reflection and Refraction |
| 10 | Chapter 10 - The Human Eye and the Colourful World |
| 11 | Chapter 11 - Electricity |
| 12 | Chapter 12 - Magnetic Effects of Electric Current |
| 13 | Chapter 13 - Our Environment |
NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter Overview
Chapter 1 - Chemical Reactions and Equations
The first chapter explains how substances undergo chemical changes to form new substances. Students learn to identify chemical reactions through changes such as colour change, gas and temperature change. The chapter introduces chemical equations and balancing of equations. It discusses different types of reactions, including combination, decomposition, displacement, and redox reactions. Students also learn about oxidation, reduction, corrosion, and rancidity.
Chapter 2 - Acids, Bases and Salts
This chapter introduces acids, bases, and salts along with their physical and chemical properties. Students learn about indicators and how they are used to test substances. The chapter explains reactions involving acids and bases and introduces the concept of pH. Students understand neutralization reactions and their importance. Common salts such as baking soda, washing soda, and bleaching powder are also studied.
Chapter 3 - Metals and Non-metals
This chapter explains the properties of metals and non-metals and compares their characteristics. Students learn about chemical reactions of metals with oxygen, water, acids, and salts. The chapter introduces the reactivity series and methods of metal extraction. Concepts such as corrosion and prevention of rusting are discussed. Students also learn about alloys and their uses.
Chapter 4 - Carbon and its Compounds
This chapter focuses on carbon and the compounds formed by it. Students learn about covalent bonding and the unique ability of carbon to form long chains. The chapter introduces hydrocarbons, functional groups, and homologous series. Important compounds such as alcohols and carboxylic acids are discussed. Students also learn about soaps and detergents and their cleaning action. The chapter explains the significance of carbon compounds in living organisms and household items.
Chapter 5 - Life Processes
This chapter explains the essential processes required to maintain life. Students learn about nutrition, respiration, transportation, and excretion in plants and animals. The chapter describes how organisms obtain and use energy for survival. Human digestive, respiratory, circulatory, and excretory systems are also discussed. Students understand the coordination of different organs in maintaining life. This chapter forms the foundation of human physiology for higher classes.
Chapter 6 - Control and Coordination
This chapter explains how organisms respond to stimuli and maintain internal balance. Students learn about the human nervous system, neurons, reflex actions, and coordination. The endocrine system and the role of hormones are also discussed. In plants, students study growth movements and responses to environmental changes. The chapter explains how living organisms coordinate different body functions.
Chapter 7 - How do Organisms Reproduce?
This chapter explains reproduction as a process necessary for the continuity of species. Students learn about asexual and sexual reproduction in plants and animals. Methods such as budding, fragmentation, regeneration, and spore formation are discussed. The chapter also introduces human reproductive systems and reproductive health. Students understand the role of reproduction and genetic variations in maintaining life across generations.
Chapter 8 - Heredity
This chapter explains how characteristics are passed from parents to offspring. Students learn about genes, inherited traits, and Mendel’s experiments. The chapter discusses variation and its role in evolution. Concepts such as natural selection and speciation are introduced. Fossils and evolutionary relationships are discussed as evidence for evolution. The chapter helps explain the diversity of living organisms.
Chapter 9 - Light – Reflection and Refraction
This chapter explains the behaviour of light when it reflects from mirrors and refraction. Students learn the laws of reflection and image formation by spherical mirrors. The chapter also covers refraction through lenses and image formation. Concepts such as focal length, magnification, and lens formula are introduced. Ray diagrams are used to explain optical phenomena.
Chapter 10 - The Human Eye and the Colourful World
This chapter explains the structure and functioning of the human eye. Students learn how vision occurs and how images are formed on the retina. Common eye defects such as myopia and hypermetropia are discussed along with their correction. The chapter also explains scattering of light and related phenomena. Students learn why the sky appears blue and why stars twinkle. The formation of rainbows is also introduced.
Chapter 11 - Electricity
This chapter introduces electric current, potential difference, and electric circuits. Students learn about Ohm’s law and the relationship between current, voltage, and resistance. It explains resistors connected in series and parallel combinations. Concepts such as electric power and electrical energy are also discussed. Students also learn how electricity is measured and used safely.
Chapter 12 - Magnetic Effects of Electric Current
This chapter explains how electric current produces magnetic effects. Students learn about magnetic fields around conductors and magnetic field lines. The chapter discusses electromagnets, electric motors, and electromagnetic induction. Students understand the working principles of generators and other devices. The relationship between electricity and magnetism is explored through practical applications found in daily life.
Chapter 13 - Our Environment
This chapter explains the relationship between living organisms and their surroundings. Students learn about ecosystems, food chains, food webs, and energy flow. The chapter discusses biodegradable and non-biodegradable substances. Environmental pollution and waste management are also covered. Students understand the importance of maintaining ecological balance and environmental conservation.
