Question
GeneralGeneralGeneral

Who Introduced the Ryotwari System?

Verified Answer

The Ryotwari system was introduced by Captain Alexander Read (first experimented in Baramahal district, 1792) and further developed and systematized by Sir Thomas Munro, Governor of Madras, by approximately 1820.

  • Revenue collected directly from the ryot (peasant/farmer) eliminating the zamindar intermediary
  • Each peasant recognized as the proprietor of their own land
  • Applied in: Madras Presidency, Bombay Presidency, parts of Assam and Coorg
System Region Intermediary
Zamindari Bengal Zamindar collected from peasants
Ryotwari Madras, Bombay Direct collection from peasants
Mahalwari North India Village community paid collectively