Which gland produces insulin?

Insulin is produced by the pancreas, an important gland located behind the stomach. The pancreas functions as both a digestive gland and an endocrine gland.

The specific cells responsible for producing insulin are called the beta cells of the Islets of Langerhans.

About the Pancreas

The pancreas performs two major functions:

1. Endocrine Function

• Produces hormones such as insulin and glucagon

• Releases these hormones directly into the bloodstream

2. Digestive Function

• Produces digestive enzymes

• Helps in digestion of food

Insulin-Producing Cells

Inside the pancreas are small clusters of cells called Islets of Langerhans.

Different cells in these islets produce different hormones:

• Beta cells → produce insulin

• Alpha cells → produce glucagon

Function of Insulin

Insulin helps:

• Control blood sugar levels

• Move glucose from blood into body cells

• Provide energy to the body

Importance of the Pancreas in Blood Sugar Control

The pancreas maintains balance between:

• Insulin → lowers blood sugar

• Glucagon → raises blood sugar

This balance keeps glucose levels stable.

Problems Related to Insulin Production

If the pancreas does not produce enough insulin:

• Blood sugar levels rise

• Diabetes mellitus may develop

Proper nutrition, exercise, and medical care help maintain pancreatic health.