What is the thyroid gland?
The thyroid gland is a butterfly-shaped endocrine gland located in the front part of the neck, just below the larynx (voice box). It produces hormones that regulate metabolism, growth, energy production, and body development.
The main hormone produced by the thyroid gland is thyroxine.
The thyroid gland helps in:
Regulating metabolism
Controlling energy production
Supporting growth and development
Maintaining body temperature
Supporting brain development
Regulating heart rate
| Hormone | Main Function |
|---|---|
| Thyroxine (T4) | Controls metabolism and growth |
| Triiodothyronine (T3) | Helps regulate body energy and metabolism |
| Calcitonin | Helps control calcium levels in blood |
The thyroid gland needs iodine to produce thyroid hormones. Lack of iodine can lead to enlargement of the gland, called goiter.
Sources of iodine:
Iodized salt
Seafood
Dairy products
The thyroid gland is important because it:
Maintains normal metabolism
Supports healthy growth
Helps organs function efficiently
Controls energy usage in the body
Improper thyroid function can lead to disorders such as hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism.