What is the process of finding facts through careful testing and experiments called?

The process of finding facts through careful testing and experiments is called scientific investigation or experimentation. It is a systematic way of collecting evidence, testing ideas, and developing reliable explanations about the natural world.

During a scientific investigation, scientists make observations, ask questions, create a hypothesis, perform experiments, collect data, analyse results, and draw conclusions. This process helps ensure that scientific knowledge is based on evidence rather than guesses or assumptions.

For example, a scientist studying plant growth may test how different amounts of sunlight or water affect plants and then compare the results. Such experiments help identify patterns and explain why certain changes occur.

Scientific investigation is an important part of science because it encourages curiosity, logical thinking, problem-solving, and continuous discovery. It allows humans to improve their understanding of nature and develop new ideas over time.