The molten state of a substance refers to the condition in which a solid has been heated and converted into a liquid form due to high temperature.
Definition
A substance is said to be in the molten state when it has melted from solid to liquid by absorbing heat.
Explanation
- When heat is supplied to a solid, its particles gain energy
- At a certain temperature (melting point), the solid changes into liquid
- This liquid form is called the molten state
Examples
- Molten iron in industries
- Molten lava from volcanoes
- Molten wax when a candle burns
Key Characteristics
- Particles move more freely than in solids
- Has definite volume but no fixed shape
- Exists at temperatures above melting point
Practical Uses
- Metal casting
- Welding
- Industrial manufacturing processes
Summary
The molten state is the liquid form of a substance obtained by heating a solid beyond its melting point.