What is diabetes?
Diabetes is a disease in which the body cannot properly control the level of glucose (sugar) in the blood. It usually occurs when the body produces too little insulin or when body cells do not respond properly to insulin.
As a result, blood sugar levels become abnormally high.
Diabetes may occur due to:
Insufficient insulin production by the pancreas
Improper use of insulin by body cells
Genetic factors
Obesity and unhealthy lifestyle
Lack of physical activity
The pancreas produces little or no insulin
Usually develops in childhood or adolescence
Requires insulin injections
Body cells do not respond properly to insulin
More common in adults
Often linked with obesity and lifestyle factors
Occurs during pregnancy
Usually temporary but may increase future diabetes risk
Frequent urination
Excessive thirst
Increased hunger
Fatigue
Blurred vision
Slow healing of wounds
Weight loss in some cases
Long-term uncontrolled diabetes may affect:
Heart
Kidneys
Eyes
Nerves
Blood vessels
Diabetes can often be managed by:
Healthy diet
Regular exercise
Maintaining healthy body weight
Monitoring blood sugar levels
Taking medicines or insulin if required
Proper diabetes management helps:
Maintain normal blood sugar
Prevent complications
Improve quality of life