What is COVID-19?
COVID-19 is a contagious infectious disease caused by a virus called SARS-CoV-2 (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2). It mainly affects the respiratory system, especially the lungs, but it can also affect other parts of the body.
The disease was first identified in 2019 and later spread worldwide, leading to a global pandemic.
COVID-19 spreads mainly through:
Tiny droplets released when an infected person coughs, sneezes, talks, or breathes
Close contact with infected individuals
Touching contaminated surfaces and then touching the face
The virus spreads more easily in crowded and poorly ventilated places.
Symptoms can vary from mild to severe. Common symptoms include:
Fever
Dry cough
Sore throat
Tiredness
Headache
Loss of taste or smell
Breathing difficulty
Some infected people may show no symptoms but can still spread the virus.
COVID-19 mainly attacks the lungs and may cause:
Pneumonia
Breathing problems
Weak immune response
Severe illness in elderly people or those with health conditions
The spread of COVID-19 can be reduced by following safety measures such as:
Washing hands regularly with soap
Wearing masks in crowded areas
Maintaining physical distance
Covering the mouth while coughing or sneezing
Avoiding close contact with sick people
Taking vaccination doses as recommended
Vaccines help the immune system recognize and fight the virus. COVID-19 vaccines reduce the risk of severe infection, hospitalization, and death.
Most people recover with rest, fluids, and proper medical care. Severe cases may require hospital treatment, oxygen support, or specialized medicines.