What is cholera?
Cholera is a serious bacterial disease caused by Vibrio cholerae. It mainly affects the small intestine and spreads through contaminated food and water.
Cholera can cause severe diarrhea and dehydration, which may become life-threatening if not treated quickly.
Caused by the bacterium Vibrio cholerae
Spread through contaminated drinking water and food
Poor sanitation and unsafe water increase the risk of cholera outbreaks.
Common symptoms include:
Severe watery diarrhea
Vomiting
Dehydration
Muscle cramps
Weakness
Low blood pressure in severe cases
Severe dehydration can occur rapidly.
Food or water becomes contaminated with cholera bacteria
A person consumes contaminated food or water
Bacteria multiply in the intestine and produce toxins
Cholera can be prevented by:
Drinking clean and boiled water
Maintaining proper sanitation
Washing hands regularly
Eating hygienic and properly cooked food
Proper disposal of waste
Vaccination in high-risk areas
Treatment mainly focuses on:
Replacing lost fluids and salts
Oral rehydration solution (ORS)
Intravenous fluids in severe cases
Antibiotics when prescribed
Early treatment greatly reduces the risk of death.
Preventing cholera helps:
Protect communities from outbreaks
Reduce deaths due to dehydration
Improve public health and sanitation
Safe water and hygiene are the most effective ways to control cholera.