C₁₀H₁₄N₂ most commonly refers to nicotine, though this molecular formula can represent several isomeric compounds.
Most Common Compound - Nicotine:
Chemical Names:
- (S)-3-(1-methylpyrrolidin-2-yl)pyridine (IUPAC)
- Nicotine (common name)
- 3-(1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinyl)pyridine
Structure:
- Bicyclic structure
- Pyridine ring connected to N-methylpyrrolidine ring
- Molecular formula: C₁₀H₁₄N₂
Sources and Significance:
1. Natural Occurrence:
- Main alkaloid in tobacco plants
- Found in Nicotiana species
- Defense compound in plants
2. Pharmacology:
- Stimulant and addictive substance
- Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist
- Central nervous system effects
3. Commercial:
- Active ingredient in cigarettes
- Nicotine replacement therapies (patches, gums)
- Insecticide (historically)
Other Possible Compounds:
- Various dimethylquinoline isomers
- Other nicotine-related alkaloids
- Structural isomers with different arrangements
Key Takeaways:
- Most commonly: nicotine
- Molecular formula: C₁₀H₁₄N₂
- Tobacco alkaloid
- Multiple isomers possible with this formula