What is chemical decomposition?

Chemical decomposition is the process in which complex organic substances are broken down into simpler substances through chemical reactions. Unlike physical decomposition, this process changes the chemical composition of the material.

It is mainly carried out by microorganisms such as bacteria and fungi. These organisms release enzymes that break down complex compounds like proteins, carbohydrates, and fats into simpler substances such as carbon dioxide, water, and mineral salts.

For example, when dead plants or animals decay and release nutrients into the soil, it is due to chemical decomposition. This process is essential for nutrient recycling, as it converts organic matter into forms that plants can absorb and use for growth.