What is a polar solvent? Give examples.

A polar solvent is a solvent that has unequal distribution of electric charge, meaning it has positive and negative ends (poles).

Definition

A polar solvent is a substance in which molecules have a dipole moment due to uneven charge distribution.

Key Characteristics

• Has partial positive and negative charges
• Can dissolve ionic and polar substances
• Follows the rule: “like dissolves like”

Examples of Polar Solvents

• Water (H₂O)
• Ethanol (C₂H₅OH)
• Methanol (CH₃OH)
• Acetone

Explanation

In water:

• Oxygen has a slight negative charge
• Hydrogen has a slight positive charge
  This makes water a strong polar solvent

Uses

• Dissolving salts and sugars
• Chemical reactions
• Biological processes

Summary

A polar solvent has uneven charge distribution and can dissolve polar and ionic substances, such as water and alcohol.