What happens when a small mass is suspended from a spring?

When a small mass is suspended from a spring, the spring stretches (extends) due to the force of gravity acting on the mass, and the system may start oscillating.

Explanation

1. Extension of Spring

The weight of the mass (mg) pulls the spring downward

The spring exerts an upward restoring force

The spring stretches until both forces balance

At equilibrium:

Restoring force = Weight (mg)

2. Hooke's Law

The extension follows Hooke's Law:

F = kx

Where:

F = force applied (mg)

k = spring constant

x = extension

3. Oscillation (if disturbed)

If the mass is pulled down or pushed up and released

It performs simple harmonic motion (SHM)

Moves up and down around the equilibrium position

Key Observations

Greater mass → more extension

Stronger spring (higher k) → less extension

Motion is periodic if oscillating

Example

A weight attached to a spring moves up and down repeatedly when disturbed, showing oscillatory motion.

Summary

A mass suspended from a spring causes the spring to stretch due to gravity, and if disturbed, the system exhibits simple harmonic motion.