What happens during anaerobic respiration in muscles?

During anaerobic respiration in muscles, glucose is broken down in the absence of sufficient oxygen to release a small amount of energy.

This usually occurs during intense physical activity such as running or heavy exercise, when the oxygen supply to muscle cells is not adequate to meet energy demands.

In this process, glucose is partially broken down into lactic acid instead of carbon dioxide and water. Since the breakdown is incomplete, less energy is released compared to aerobic respiration.

The accumulation of lactic acid in muscles leads to muscle fatigue, pain, and cramps. After the activity ends, oxygen becomes available again, and the lactic acid is gradually broken down into carbon dioxide and water.

Thus, anaerobic respiration provides quick energy in emergency situations but is less efficient and leads to temporary discomfort.