What are microbes?
Microbes are tiny living organisms that are too small to be seen without a microscope. The term "microbes" is another name for microorganisms.
They exist in almost every environment on Earth, including air, water, soil, food, and inside living organisms.
The major groups of microbes are:
Bacteria
Fungi
Protozoa
Algae
Viruses
Microscopic in size
Reproduce rapidly
Can survive in different environments
Some are useful while others are harmful
Beneficial microbes help in:
Making curd, bread, and cheese
Producing medicines like antibiotics
Improving soil fertility
Breaking down dead organic matter
Helping digestion in humans
Some microbes can:
Cause diseases
Spoil food
Infect plants and animals
Examples:
Bacteria causing typhoid
Viruses causing flu and COVID-19
Fungi causing skin infections
Microbes are important because they:
Maintain ecological balance
Recycle nutrients in nature
Support agriculture and industry
Help in medical research and biotechnology
Even though some microbes are dangerous, many are essential for human life and the environment.