What are known as strong bases?

Strong bases are substances that completely dissociate in water to produce hydroxide ions (OH⁻). This complete ionization makes them highly reactive and strong electrolytes.

General form:
MOH → M⁺ + OH⁻

Common examples of strong bases:

• Sodium hydroxide (NaOH)
• Potassium hydroxide (KOH)
• Calcium hydroxide [Ca(OH)₂]
• Barium hydroxide [Ba(OH)₂]

Key characteristics of strong bases:

• High pH values (typically 11–14)
• Conduct electricity efficiently due to free ions
• Highly caustic and corrosive
• React readily with acids in neutralization reactions

Important concept:
The strength of a base depends on its degree of dissociation, not just its concentration. Even in dilute solutions, strong bases ionize completely.

In simple terms:
Strong bases are those that fully break down in water and release a large number of OH⁻ ions.