What are adaptations in living organisms?

Adaptations are special features or changes in living organisms that help them survive and reproduce in their natural environments. These features may be related to an organism's body structure, behaviour, or way of functioning.

Different habitats have different conditions, so plants and animals develop characteristics suitable for their surroundings. For example, cactus plants have thick stems and spines to survive in deserts, while aquatic animals like fish have streamlined bodies and fins for movement in water.

Adaptations help organisms find food, protect themselves, handle environmental challenges, and continue their life processes. The study of adaptations explains why living beings have different shapes, structures, and behaviours depending on where they live.