How is a mixture of oil and water separated?

A mixture of oil and water is separated using the method of decantation or by using a separating funnel. This works because oil and water are immiscible liquids and have different densities.

When the mixture is left undisturbed, water being heavier settles at the bottom, and oil forms a layer on top. The top layer of oil can be carefully poured off, or a separating funnel can be used to release the bottom water layer first.

This method is commonly used in laboratories and industries where two liquids do not mix.

In simple terms, oil and water are separated based on their density difference and their inability to mix with each other.