How is a battery constructed from cells?

A battery is constructed by connecting two or more electric cells together to provide the required voltage and current for a device.

Basic concept:
Each cell produces a small amount of voltage. By combining multiple cells, the total output can be increased.

Methods of connecting cells:

1. Series connection

• Cells are connected end-to-end (positive terminal of one to negative of the next)
• Voltage increases, current remains the same

Example:
Used in torches to get higher voltage

1. Parallel connection

• All positive terminals are connected together, and all negative terminals are connected together
• Current capacity increases, voltage remains the same

Example:
Used when longer battery life is needed

Combination of series and parallel

• Used in advanced batteries to achieve both higher voltage and higher current

Key components of a cell:

• Two electrodes (positive and negative)
• Electrolyte (chemical medium)

In simple terms:
A battery is made by joining multiple cells to increase voltage or current, depending on how they are connected.