For two statements are given-one labelled Assertion (A) and the other labelled Reason (R). Select the correct answer to these questions from the codes (a), (b), (c) and (d) as given below: a. Both A and R are true, and R is correct explanation of the assertion. b. Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of the assertion. c. A is true but R is false. d. A is false but R is true. Assertion: Seeds are matured ovules. Reason: The part of seed which contains stored food for baby plant is called cotyledon.

Observe the food chain: Plant (1000 kj) → Goat → Lion (a) If autotrophs occupying the first trophic level are called producers, what are herbivores called as? (b) How much energy does the lion get in the above food chain?

Updated 1/17/2026

What is reflex action? Explain the mechanism of reflex action with a suitable example.

Updated 1/17/2026

State the function of digestive enzymes.

Updated 1/17/2026

“The maximum concentration of harmful chemicals accumulates in human beings?” State the phenomenon involved and justify this statement.

Updated 1/17/2026

What is excretion? How do unicellular organisms remove their wastes?

Updated 1/17/2026