Explain the five major nutrients with examples.
The five major nutrients are carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, and minerals. Each nutrient performs a specific function and is essential for healthy growth, energy production, tissue repair, and proper body functioning.
| Nutrient | Function | Examples of Food Sources |
|---|---|---|
| Carbohydrates | Main source of energy for the body. | Rice, wheat, bread, potatoes, maize, fruits |
| Proteins | Help in growth, tissue repair, and muscle development. | Milk, eggs, pulses, beans, fish, meat, soybeans, paneer |
| Fats | Provide concentrated energy, protect organs, and help absorb Vitamins A, D, E, and K. | Nuts, seeds, butter, ghee, vegetable oils, avocados |
| Vitamins | Support immunity, vision, metabolism, and other body functions. | Fruits, vegetables, milk, eggs, citrus fruits, carrots |
| Minerals | Build strong bones and teeth, form blood, and support nerve and muscle function. | Milk, green leafy vegetables, iodised salt, nuts, pulses, seafood |
A balanced diet should include all five major nutrients in the right proportions. Along with these nutrients, dietary fibre and water are also important for digestion, hydration, and maintaining overall health.