Explain decomposition with an example.

Decomposition can be explained as the breakdown of dead organic matter into simpler substances with the help of microorganisms. This process allows nutrients to return to the environment and be reused by living organisms.

For example, when a fruit like a banana is left in the open, it gradually starts to rot. Microorganisms such as bacteria and fungi grow on it and release enzymes that break down its complex organic compounds. Over time, the banana becomes soft, changes color, and eventually decomposes into simpler substances that mix with the soil.

This example clearly shows how decomposers convert organic waste into nutrients, which can then be used by plants for growth, completing the natural cycle.