Define decomposition in biology.

In biology, decomposition is defined as the process by which dead organic matter is broken down into simpler inorganic substances through the action of decomposers such as bacteria, fungi, and other microorganisms. It is a key component of nutrient cycling in ecosystems.

This process involves the breakdown of complex biological molecules like proteins, carbohydrates, and fats into simpler forms such as carbon dioxide, water, and mineral salts. These simpler substances are then reused by plants for growth and development.

Decomposition is essential for sustaining life on Earth because it prevents the accumulation of dead matter and continuously recycles nutrients within the ecosystem.