• Both India and the United States follow a democratic system and divide power into three branches: the legislature, executive, and judiciary. This separation helps prevent concentration of power.
• In both countries, the legislature makes laws and is bicameral: India has Parliament (Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha) and the U.S. has Congress (House of Representatives and Senate).
• The main difference lies in the executive system:
• India follows a parliamentary system: the Prime Minister is the head of government and is usually the leader of the majority party in Parliament. The Council of Ministers is collectively responsible to Parliament.
• The United States follows a presidential system: the President is elected separately and is both the head of state and head of government. The President does not sit in the legislature and has fixed tenure.

Both systems use checks and balances: courts review laws, legislatures can question the executive, and elections allow citizens to change their representatives. However, the methods of accountability differ - for example, in India a government can fall through a vote of no confidence, while in the U.S. the President can be removed only through impeachment.