Calculate the enthalpy change for the process:
CCl4(g) → C(g) + 4Cl(g)
And calculate bond enthalpy of C–Cl in CCl4(g)
Given:
ΔvapH°(CCl4) = 30.5 kJ mol−1
ΔfH°(CCl4) = −135.5 kJ mol−1
ΔaH°(C) = 715.0 kJ mol−1 (enthalpy of atomization)
ΔaH°(Cl2) = 242 kJ mol−1
The given data imply as under:
(i) CCl4(l) → CCl4(g), ΔH = 30.5 kJ mol−1
(ii) C(s) + 2Cl2(g) → CCl4(l), ΔH = −135.5 kJ mol−1
(iii) C(s) → C(g), ΔH = 715.0 kJ mol−1
(iv) Cl2(g) → 2Cl(g), ΔH = 242 kJ mol−1
Aim: CCl4(g) → C(g) + 4Cl(g), ΔH = ?
Eqn. (iii) + 2 × eqn. (iv) −eqn. (i) −eqn. (ii) gives the required equation:
ΔH = 715.0 + 2(242) − 30.5 − (−135.5) kJ mol−1
= 1304 kJ mol−1
Bond enthalpy of C–Cl in CCl4 (average value) = 1304/4 = 326 kJ mol−1