MCQs for Class 10 Science Chapter 7 Control and Coordination

Control and Coordination is an important chapter in Class 10 Science that explains how the nervous system, hormones, reflex actions, and plant movements help living organisms respond to their surroundings. Practicing Control and Coordination Class 10 MCQs helps students revise key concepts, improve accuracy, and prepare for objective questions in CBSE board exams.

Students can strengthen their preparation with chapter-wise MCQs and explore Class 10 MCQs for practice across subjects. For focused Science revision, the Class 10 Science MCQs collection and CBSE Board resources can help students prepare for school tests, pre-boards, and final examinations.

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MCQs for Class 10 Science Chapter 7 with Answers and Explanations 

Strengthen your preparation with chapter-wise MCQs designed around important CBSE Board concepts and NCERT learning outcomes. These objective questions help you revise reflex actions, brain functions, hormones, endocrine glands, and plant responses in a faster and more practical way. Regular MCQ practice can improve accuracy, boost confidence, and help you prepare effectively for board exams and school tests.

Q1. A student accidentally touches a hot metal rod and quickly pulls the hand away even before realizing the pain. Which structure mainly coordinates this immediate response?

A. Cerebellum
B. Spinal cord
C. Hypothalamus
D. Pituitary gland

Answer: B

Explanation: Reflex actions are designed for rapid protection. In this case, sensory neurons carry the impulse to the spinal cord, which immediately sends a response through motor neurons to move the hand away. This prevents delay that would occur if the brain handled the action first.

Q2. During an activity, a teacher asks students why plants bend toward sunlight near a window. What is the best explanation for this movement?

A. Water pushes the stem toward light
B. Gravity attracts the shoot sideways
C. Unequal growth occurs due to auxin distribution
D. Plant roots pull the stem toward sunlight

Answer: C

Explanation: Shoots show positive phototropism. Auxin accumulates more on the shaded side of the stem, causing cells there to elongate faster. Because one side grows more rapidly, the stem bends toward the light source.

Q3. Which statement best describes the role of neurons in the human body?

A. They produce digestive enzymes
B. They transport oxygen in blood
C. They carry electrical impulses between body parts
D. They store glucose for emergencies

Answer: C

Explanation: Neurons are specialized nerve cells that transmit electrical signals throughout the body. They help coordinate responses by connecting sensory organs, the brain, spinal cord, muscles, and glands into a communication network.

Q4. A patient experiences swelling in the neck due to iodine deficiency. Which gland is most likely affected?

A. Pancreas
B. Thyroid gland
C. Adrenal gland
D. Pituitary gland

Answer: B

Explanation: The thyroid gland requires iodine to produce thyroxine hormone. If iodine intake is low, hormone production decreases and the gland enlarges, leading to goiter, which appears as swelling in the neck region.

Q5. In a laboratory setup, the roots of a seedling grow downward even when the pot is tilted sideways. What does this show?

A. Positive phototropism
B. Negative hydrotropism
C. Positive geotropism
D. Thigmotropism

Answer: C

Explanation: Roots naturally grow in the direction of gravity. This response is called positive geotropism. Even when the plant position changes, roots adjust their growth direction to continue moving downward.

Q6. Read the situation carefully. A person suddenly starts sweating and their heartbeat increases during fear. Which hormone is mainly responsible for this reaction?

A. Insulin
B. Estrogen
C. Adrenaline
D. Thyroxine

Answer: C

Explanation: Adrenaline prepares the body for emergency situations. It increases heart rate, breathing rate, and blood flow to muscles, helping the body respond quickly during stressful or frightening conditions.

Q7. Which statement correctly explains why the cerebellum is important?

A. It controls hormone secretion
B. It regulates body balance and posture
C. It stores memories permanently
D. It detects smell and taste

Answer: B

Explanation: The cerebellum helps coordinate muscular activities and maintain body balance. Activities like cycling, standing steadily, or walking smoothly depend on proper cerebellum function.

Q8. A plant tendril wraps around a support after touching it. This response is an example of:

A. Hydrotropism
B. Geotropism
C. Thigmotropism
D. Phototropism

Answer: C

Explanation: Thigmotropism is a directional growth response to touch. Tendrils sense contact with a support and grow around it, helping weak-stemmed plants climb upward efficiently.

Q9. During digestion, the pancreas helps regulate sugar levels in the blood. Which hormone lowers blood glucose concentration?

A. Glucagon
B. Adrenaline
C. Insulin
D. Auxin

Answer: C

Explanation: Insulin allows body cells to absorb glucose from the blood. This reduces blood sugar levels and helps maintain energy balance in the body. Lack of insulin can lead to diabetes.

Q10. Select the correct sequence for transmission of an impulse inside a neuron.

A. Axon → Dendrite → Cell body
B. Dendrite → Cell body → Axon
C. Cell body → Dendrite → Axon
D. Axon → Cell body → Dendrite

Answer: B

Explanation: A nerve impulse is received by dendrites, passes through the cell body, and travels along the axon toward the nerve ending. This organized pathway ensures efficient signal transmission.

Q11. A student notices that the leaves of Mimosa pudica fold when touched. Which type of movement is this?

A. Growth-dependent movement
B. Geotropic response
C. Nastic movement
D. Phototropic movement

Answer: C

Explanation: Mimosa shows a touch-induced nastic movement that does not depend on growth direction. The leaves fold because of sudden changes in water pressure inside specialized cells.

Q12. Which part of the brain mainly controls thinking, memory, and decision-making?

A. Medulla
B. Cerebellum
C. Cerebrum
D. Spinal cord

Answer: C

Explanation: The cerebrum is the largest brain region and manages higher mental activities such as learning, reasoning, intelligence, and voluntary actions.

Q13. In a dark room, the pupil of the eye becomes larger. What is the advantage of this change?

A. It reduces heat loss
B. It protects the retina from dust
C. It allows more light to enter the eye
D. It improves blood circulation

Answer: C

Explanation: The pupil dilates in dim light so that more light reaches the retina. This adjustment improves visibility under low-light conditions.

Q14. Which hormone helps plants grow toward light?

A. Cytokinin
B. Auxin
C. Ethylene
D. Abscisic acid

Answer: B

Explanation: Auxin promotes cell elongation in plant shoots. Uneven distribution of auxin causes stems to bend toward light sources during phototropism.

Q15. A person loses balance frequently while walking after a head injury. Which brain part may be damaged?

A. Cerebellum
B. Medulla
C. Hypothalamus
D. Pons

Answer: A

Explanation: Balance and muscular coordination are controlled by the cerebellum. Damage to this region often affects posture, smooth movement, and stability.

Q16. Which option correctly matches the hormone with its function?

A. Insulin - increases blood sugar
B. Adrenaline - prepares body during emergencies
C. Thyroxine - controls blood clotting
D. Auxin - reduces stem growth

Answer: B

Explanation: Adrenaline activates the body's emergency response system. It increases alertness and boosts energy supply during stressful situations.

Q17. During an experiment, a seedling kept near a window bends toward the light after a few days. What can be concluded?

A. Roots grow faster than shoots
B. Plants cannot detect environmental changes
C. Shoots respond directionally to light
D. Light destroys growth hormones

Answer: C

Explanation: Plant shoots detect light and grow toward it. This directional response improves photosynthesis by helping leaves receive maximum sunlight.

Q18. Which gland is often called the “master gland” of the endocrine system?

A. Thyroid gland
B. Pituitary gland
C. Pancreas
D. Adrenal gland

Answer: B

Explanation: The pituitary gland controls several other endocrine glands through its hormones. Because it regulates many body functions indirectly, it is known as the master gland.

Q19. A doctor taps below a patient’s kneecap and the leg jerks automatically. This is an example of:

A. Voluntary action
B. Hormonal coordination
C. Reflex action
D. Learned behavior

Answer: C

Explanation: The knee-jerk response happens automatically through a reflex arc. Such actions occur rapidly without conscious thinking to protect or regulate the body.

Q20. Which plant hormone is commonly associated with fruit ripening?

A. Ethylene
B. Auxin
C. Cytokinin
D. Gibberellin

Answer: A

Explanation: Ethylene is a gaseous plant hormone that accelerates fruit ripening. It also influences aging and falling of leaves and flowers.

Q21. A student observes that the heartbeat continues even during sleep. Which category does this action belong to?

A. Voluntary action
B. Reflex action
C. Involuntary action
D. Tropic movement

Answer: C

Explanation: Involuntary actions occur automatically without conscious control. The heartbeat is regulated continuously by the brainstem to maintain life functions.

Q22. What is the main function of receptors present in sense organs?

A. Produce hormones
B. Carry oxygen to tissues
C. Detect stimuli from surroundings
D. Digest food particles

Answer: C

Explanation: Receptors are specialized cells that detect changes like light, smell, touch, or temperature. They convert stimuli into nerve impulses for the nervous system.

Q23. In plants, movement toward water is known as:

A. Hydrotropism
B. Geotropism
C. Phototropism
D. Chemotropism

Answer: A

Explanation: Hydrotropism refers to directional growth in response to water. Roots usually show positive hydrotropism by growing toward moisture sources.

Q24. Which structure protects the brain from mechanical injury?

A. Rib cage
B. Vertebral column
C. Cranium
D. Pelvic girdle

Answer: C

Explanation: The cranium is a hard bony structure that surrounds and protects the brain. Additional protection is provided by membranes and cerebrospinal fluid.

Q25. A person with diabetes has difficulty controlling blood sugar levels. Which organ is directly involved in this disorder?

A. Liver
B. Pancreas
C. Kidney
D. Spleen

Answer: B

Explanation: The pancreas produces insulin, which regulates blood glucose concentration. Problems in insulin production or function lead to diabetes mellitus.

Q26. Which statement best explains reflex actions?

A. They are always controlled consciously
B. They involve only hormones
C. They provide quick responses to stimuli
D. They occur only during sleep

Answer: C

Explanation: Reflex actions help the body react immediately to harmful situations. Since the response is rapid and automatic, it minimizes injury and improves survival.

Q27. During seed germination, which hormone mainly promotes stem elongation?

A. Abscisic acid
B. Gibberellin
C. Ethylene
D. Insulin

Answer: B

Explanation: Gibberellins stimulate stem growth and help seeds break dormancy. They are important growth-promoting hormones in plants.

Q28. A student concludes that hormones act more slowly than nerve impulses. Why is this true?

A. Hormones travel through blood circulation
B. Hormones remain outside cells permanently
C. Nerves cannot reach organs
D. Hormones move only during sleep

Answer: A

Explanation: Hormones are transported through blood, so their effects usually take longer to appear. Nerve impulses travel electrically through neurons and produce much faster responses.

Q29. Which observation indicates negative geotropism?

A. Roots moving downward
B. Shoots growing upward
C. Roots bending toward water
D. Tendrils wrapping around support

Answer: B

Explanation: Shoots grow opposite to the direction of gravity, which is called negative geotropism. This upward growth helps leaves access sunlight efficiently.

Q30. A student reads that neurotransmitters are released at synapses. What is their role?

A. They digest nutrients
B. They strengthen bones
C. They transfer signals between neurons
D. They absorb oxygen from lungs

Answer: C

Explanation: Neurotransmitters are chemical messengers released at synapses. They help continue the nerve impulse from one neuron to another or to muscles and glands.

Quick Chapter Overview

Control and Coordination explains how living organisms respond to changes around them. In humans, coordination happens mainly through the nervous system and endocrine system. Plants also show responses to stimuli using plant hormones.

The chapter mainly focuses on:

• Human nervous system
• Reflex actions
• Brain functions
• Hormonal coordination
• Endocrine glands
• Plant hormones
• Tropic movements

This chapter is important because it builds the foundation for understanding how organisms react, communicate internally, and maintain balance in body functions.

Why This Chapter is Important for CBSE Exams

Control and Coordination is one of the most concept-based chapters in Class 10 Science. CBSE often asks:

• Direct NCERT MCQs
• Diagram-related questions
• Hormone-function matching
• Reflex action concepts
• Plant movement questions
• Assertion and reason questions

Topics Covered in Control and Coordination MCQs