MCQs for Class 10 Science Chapter 2 Acids, Bases and Salts

Acids, Bases and Salts is an important chapter in Class 10 Science that covers key concepts such as the properties of acids and bases, pH, indicators, and the uses of salts. Practicing chapter-wise objective questions helps students revise these concepts, improve accuracy, and prepare for CBSE board exams. Students can practise important MCQs based on the latest syllabus and exam pattern.

For more practice, students can explore the complete collection of Class 10 MCQs to revise different subjects. They can also access CBSE Board resources and Class 10 Science MCQs for chapter-wise revision and objective question practice.

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MCQs for Class 10 Science Chapter 2 with Answers and Explanations 

This chapter includes several scoring concepts like pH scale, indicators, neutralization reactions, and salts. Since CBSE Board now focuses more on competency-based learning, practicing MCQs is one of the best ways to improve speed and understanding together.

Students often find this chapter easy in theory but confusing in application-based questions. Regular MCQ practice helps avoid that confusion.

Q1. A student tests a liquid with blue litmus paper, and the paper turns red. What can be concluded about the liquid?

A. It is neutral
B. It is acidic
C. It is basic
D. It is salty

Answer: B. It is acidic

Explanation: Acids change blue litmus paper to red due to the presence of hydrogen ions in solution.

Q2. Which substance is commonly used to reduce acidity in the stomach?

A. Sodium chloride
B. Magnesium hydroxide
C. Copper sulphate
D. Calcium carbonate

Answer: B. Magnesium hydroxide

Explanation: Magnesium hydroxide acts as an antacid and helps neutralize excess stomach acid.

Q3. Which gas is released when dilute hydrochloric acid reacts with zinc granules?

A. Oxygen
B. Carbon dioxide
C. Hydrogen
D. Chlorine

Answer: C. Hydrogen

Explanation: Metals like zinc react with acids to release hydrogen gas along with salt formation.

Q4. The pH of a solution is 12. This solution is most likely:

A. Strongly acidic
B. Weakly acidic
C. Neutral
D. Strongly basic

Answer: D. Strongly basic

Explanation: A pH greater than 7 indicates a basic solution. pH 12 represents a strong base.

Q5. Which of the following substances is used in whitewashing walls?

A. Calcium oxide
B. Sodium carbonate
C. Calcium hydroxide
D. Sodium bicarbonate

Answer: C. Calcium hydroxide

Explanation: Slaked lime or calcium hydroxide is used for whitewashing because it gives a shiny finish after reacting with carbon dioxide.

Q6. Assertion (A): Acids conduct electricity in aqueous solution.

Reason (R): Acids produce ions when dissolved in water.

A. Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A
B. Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A
C. A is true, but R is false
D. A is false, but R is true

Answer: A. Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A

Explanation: Acids ionize in water to produce ions, which help conduct electric current.

Q7. Which salt is formed when hydrochloric acid reacts with sodium hydroxide?

A. Sodium carbonate
B. Sodium chloride
C. Sodium sulphate
D. Calcium chloride

Answer: B. Sodium chloride

Explanation: Neutralization between hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide forms sodium chloride and water.

Q8. A farmer notices that crops are not growing properly because the soil is too acidic. Which material should be added to improve the soil condition?

A. Vinegar
B. Lemon juice
C. Quick lime
D. Hydrochloric acid

Answer: C. Quick lime

Explanation: Quick lime helps neutralize acidic soil and improves crop growth.

Q9. Which indicator remains colorless in acidic medium and turns pink in basic medium?

A. Litmus
B. Turmeric
C. Phenolphthalein
D. Methyl orange

Answer: C. Phenolphthalein

Explanation: Phenolphthalein is commonly used to detect bases because it turns pink in basic solutions.

Q10. Which compound is commonly known as baking soda?

A. NaOH
B. NaCl
C. NaHCO₃
D. Na₂SO₄

Answer: C. NaHCO₃

Explanation: Sodium hydrogen carbonate is called baking soda and is used in baking and antacids.

Q11. During a laboratory activity, a student accidentally touches concentrated acid. What should be done immediately?

A. Apply perfume
B. Wash with plenty of water
C. Rub the area with cloth
D. Keep the hand dry

Answer: B. Wash with plenty of water

Explanation: Water dilutes and removes the acid, reducing damage to the skin.

Q12. Which acid is naturally present in curd?

A. Citric acid
B. Oxalic acid
C. Lactic acid
D. Tartaric acid

Answer: C. Lactic acid

Explanation: Lactic acid is produced during the fermentation of milk into curd.

Q13. Assertion (A): Dry hydrogen chloride gas does not change the color of dry litmus paper.

Reason (R): Hydrogen ions are not produced without water.

A. Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A
B. Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A
C. A is true, but R is false
D. A is false, but R is true

Answer: A. Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A

Explanation: HCl shows acidic behavior only in aqueous solution where ions are formed.

Q14. Which of the following substances has a pH closest to 7?

A. Soap solution
B. Distilled water
C. Lemon juice
D. Vinegar

Answer: B. Distilled water

Explanation: Pure water is neutral and has a pH of about 7.

Q15. What is formed when carbon dioxide gas is passed through lime water?

A. Sodium chloride
B. Calcium carbonate
C. Calcium oxide
D. Sodium hydroxide

Answer: B. Calcium carbonate

Explanation: Carbon dioxide reacts with lime water to form calcium carbonate, making the solution milky.

Q16. Which property is shown by bases?

A. Sour taste
B. Turn blue litmus red
C. Bitter taste
D. Release carbon dioxide

Answer: C. Bitter taste

Explanation: Bases are generally bitter and feel slippery to touch.

Q17. A solution turns universal indicator dark red. The solution is likely to be:

A. Strong acid
B. Weak acid
C. Neutral
D. Strong base

Answer: A. Strong acid

Explanation: Dark red on a universal indicator indicates a highly acidic solution.

Q18. Which chemical is mainly used in fire extinguishers?

A. Washing soda
B. Baking soda
C. Bleaching powder
D. Plaster of Paris

Answer: B. Baking soda

Explanation: Baking soda releases carbon dioxide, which helps control fire.

Q19. Assertion (A): Tooth decay can begin if the pH inside the mouth falls below 5.5.

Reason (R): Acidic conditions damage tooth enamel.

A. Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A
B. Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A
C. A is true, but R is false
D. A is false, but R is true

Answer: A. Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A

Explanation: Acidic conditions dissolve calcium phosphate present in tooth enamel.

Q20. Which substance is obtained when chlorine reacts with dry slaked lime?

A. Washing soda
B. Baking powder
C. Bleaching powder
D. Plaster of Paris

Answer: C. Bleaching powder

Explanation: Bleaching powder is prepared by passing chlorine gas through dry slaked lime.

Q21. Which acid is found in ant stings?

A. Acetic acid
B. Formic acid
C. Citric acid
D. Sulphuric acid

Answer: B. Formic acid

Explanation: Ant stings contain formic acid, which causes irritation and pain.

Q22. A solution has a pH of 3. Compared to a solution with pH 5, it is:

A. Less acidic
B. More acidic
C. Neutral
D. Basic

Answer: B. More acidic

Explanation: Lower pH values indicate stronger acidity.

Q23. Which compound contains water of crystallization?

A. Sodium bicarbonate
B. Sodium chloride
C. Copper sulphate crystals
D. Potassium hydroxide

Answer: C. Copper sulphate crystals

Explanation: Copper sulphate crystals contain fixed water molecules in their structure.

Q24. A student adds a few drops of phenolphthalein to two solutions. Solution P remains colorless, while solution Q turns pink. Which conclusion is correct?

A. Both solutions are acidic
B. P is basic and Q is acidic
C. P is acidic or neutral, Q is basic
D. Both solutions are basic

Answer: C. P is acidic or neutral, Q is basic

Explanation: Phenolphthalein becomes pink only in basic solutions.

Q25. Which gas causes bread and cakes to rise during baking?

A. Oxygen
B. Hydrogen
C. Nitrogen
D. Carbon dioxide

Answer: D. Carbon dioxide

Explanation: Baking soda releases carbon dioxide during heating, making baked items fluffy.

Q26. Which of the following is an alkali?

A. Copper hydroxide
B. Iron hydroxide
C. Potassium hydroxide
D. Zinc hydroxide

Answer: C. Potassium hydroxide

Explanation: Alkalis are bases soluble in water. Potassium hydroxide dissolves easily in water.

Q27. Assertion (A): Neutralization reactions are generally exothermic.

Reason (R): Heat is released during the reaction between acids and bases.

A. Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A
B. Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A
C. A is false, but R is true
D. A is true, but R is false

Answer: A. Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A

Explanation: Neutralization reactions release heat energy along with salt and water formation.

Q28. Which salt is commonly used to remove permanent hardness of water?

A. Baking soda
B. Bleaching powder
C. Washing soda
D. Common salt

Answer: C. Washing soda

Explanation: Washing soda helps remove calcium and magnesium salts responsible for hardness.

Q29. A student observes bubbles when marble chips react with dilute acid. The bubbles contain:

A. Oxygen gas
B. Carbon dioxide gas
C. Hydrogen gas
D. Chlorine gas

Answer: B. Carbon dioxide gas

Explanation: Carbonates react with acids to release carbon dioxide gas.

Q30. Which statement correctly describes Plaster of Paris?

A. It is used for making statues and casts
B. It is highly acidic
C. It is prepared from sodium chloride
D. It turns blue litmus red

Answer: A. It is used for making statues and casts

Explanation: Plaster of Paris is widely used in making molds, decorative materials, and medical casts.

Tips to Solve Acids, Bases and Salts MCQs Faster

Focus on Indicator Color Changes

Many students lose marks by mixing up indicator reactions. Revise them regularly.

Learn the pH Scale Visually

Questions based on acidic and basic strength become easier when you understand the pH scale properly.

Remember Everyday Uses

CBSE often asks application-based questions from:

• baking soda
• bleaching powder
• washing soda
• plaster of Paris

Read NCERT Activities Carefully

Several competency-based questions are directly inspired by NCERT experiments and observations.

Practice Assertion-Reason Questions Separately

This chapter frequently includes logic-based chemistry questions in board exams.

Common Mistakes Students Make

Important Exam Focus Areas

These topics are asked repeatedly in CBSE exams and school assessments:

• pH scale and its applications
• Properties of acids and bases
• Chemical reactions involving acids
• Indicators and color changes
• Preparation and uses of salts
• Water of crystallization
• Practical applications in daily life
• Assertion-reason chemistry questions

Students preparing for board exams should prioritize these areas during revision.